Humanoid robot market opportunities attract PCB manufacturers, with motion systems being the largest user group.

2026/01/09

United Daily News
January 8, 2026
Author: Economic Daily News, Reporter: Yin Huizhong/Taipei Instant Report

Humanoid robots have recently become a hot topic again. Research institutions point out that motion systems account for the largest PCB usage. Institutional investors are optimistic that companies already positioning themselves in this field include PCB leader Zhen Ding Technology Holding (4958), IC substrate leader Unimicron (3037), HDI leader Compeq (2313), veteran PCB manufacturer WUS (2316), and High-Tek PCB (5439), among others.

TPCA, citing research data, points out that the three main application areas for robots include HDI, substrates, and rigid-flex PCBs. HDI is the core responsible for system-level computing and decision-making, carrying AI chips packaged through substrates. Rigid-flex PCBs act as neural networks, connecting sensing modules such as optical cameras, microphones, and measurement units.

The motion system constitutes the largest portion of the PCB demand for humanoid robots, primarily using multilayer boards. These systems cover areas such as shoulders, elbows, waist, upper/forearms, thighs/lowers, and hands/feet. Each actuator module requires an independent control board to precisely adjust motor torque, speed, and position. For example, the hand is a highly integrated module for drive and sensing; the multilayer board must support and stabilize the motors and sensors. The feet maintain standing/walking and serve as the substrate for torque sensors.

Furthermore, power supply and joint connections drive demand for flexible printed circuit boards (FPCBs) and rigid-flex PCBs, corresponding to battery packs and joint components. Humanoid robot joints undergo frequent and repeated bending; FPCBs must withstand millions of bends and mitigate vibration and noise. Integrated FPCB structures replace traditional connectors. Battery connections and data collection also require FPCBs, demanding high material durability and reliable power management.

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